Sunday, 23 March 2008

History: Fascist Movements


When did such movements arise?


-During the interwar years more fascist movements were on the uprise

-Most known of these was Oswald Mosleys BUF

-Originally named the NEW PARTY: they believed in Conservativism and wanted a radical policity to reverse Britains economic decline


What were the parties views?


Started in 1935, the BUF was an anti-semitic party,

-who desired a coroporate state,

-self-sufficiency,

-Britian to not get invoved in other countries disputes

-wore a black uniform, was hugely influenced by Italian despot Mussolini


In what ways were the BUF powerful?


-By 1934 the BUF had 40,000 members

-Supported by Lord Rothermere owner of the Daily Mail

-->yet they depended on hostility towards the National Goverment

-Funding from Italy: "Mind Britains business campaign" Italys capturing of Abyssinia


Limits of the BUF and their power?

-BUF meetings were often obstructed by Communist/anti-fascist hecklers, lowering morale

-June 1934 rally in Olympia London: demonstration of 'black shirt' violence

-People were previously weary about the violence and fascist views of the BUF especially following Hitlers example

-After 1934 support for the BUF declined, Rothermere withdrew support for the party.

-October 1935: 5,000 support


Changes to their approach?

-They began with localised campaigns, e.g. "Stand by the King"

-They began more anti-semitic campaigns e.g. targeting Londons East End

-Campaigns for exploited workers

-->"Battle of Cable Street": BUF v.s. Jewish/anti-commuist unrest: 1936

--->1936 Public Order Act: Outlawed political parties wearing uniformas and authorities were given the power to stop demonstrations

-Mosley didnt want war with Germany, isolated the party


Was the BUF ever strong enough?

-They had limited appeal

-They had support in various areas but not strong: London, Yorkshire and NE England

-They had no permanent support base

-Economic decline


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